Erbil

March 6, 2026 | Tzvi Kahn |

Iranian and Iranian-Backed Attacks Against Americans (1979-Present)

Armed conflict between the United States and Iran did not begin in 2026, but instead has deep roots that extend back to the 1979 Islamic Revolution. For nearly five decades, the clerical regime in Tehran...

March 5, 2026 | Bridget Toomey |

Iranian-backed militias continue attacks on US forces in Iraq

As America and Israel continued striking Iran, the Islamic Republic’s partners in Iraq claimed additional attacks against the “US presence” in the region on March 4 and 5, particularly...

March 3, 2026 | Bridget Toomey |

U.S. Must Pressure Baghdad To Rein in Iran-Backed Militias

After largely sitting out the 12-Day War between Israel and Iran in June last year, Tehran’s proxies in Iraq quickly jumped into the fighting after the United States and Israel began operations against...

March 3, 2026 | Joe Truzman |

Iraqi Shiite militias claim attacks on US bases

Iran-backed Shiite militias belonging to the Islamic Resistance in Iraq (IRI) continue to claim responsibility for attacks on American bases in the region in response to US and Israeli military operations...

March 2, 2026 | Seth J. Frantzman |

Kurdish Iranian opposition groups say Iran targeted them in northern Iraq, claim operations in Iran

Kurdish Iranian opposition groups said on March 1 that they have been targeted by drone and missile attacks in the Kurdistan Region of northern Iraq. The attacks took place after the...

March 1, 2026 | Bridget Toomey |

Iraqi Shiite militias join the war between Israel, the US, and Iran with drone attacks

Iraqi militias claimed 16 drone attacks against “enemy bases in Iraq and the region” following American and Israeli airstrikes on the Islamic Republic of Iran. The United States and Israel launched a...

February 10, 2026 | Seth J. Frantzman |

Syria joins anti-Islamic State coalition meeting as territory transition with SDF continues

Syrian Foreign Minister Asaad Hassan al Shaibani took part in a meeting of the US-led anti-Islamic State coalition in Saudi Arabia on February 9. Syria joined the coalition in November as its...

December 8, 2025 | Seth J. Frantzman |

Iraq investigation concludes drones struck Khor Mor gas field, Kurdistan Region requests air defenses

An Iraqi government investigation concluded that two drones attacked the Khor Mor gas field in the country’s autonomous Kurdistan Region on November 26. The attack on the vital gas...

November 29, 2025 | Seth J. Frantzman |

Vital Khor Mor gas field attacked in Kurdistan Region of northern Iraq

The important Khor Mor gas field in the Kurdistan Region of northern Iraq was attacked by kamikaze drones on the evening of November 26. It is the latest attack on the facility, which has been targeted by...

November 3, 2025 | Seth J. Frantzman |

PKK announcement of withdrawal from Turkey has ramifications for Iraq, Syria

On October 26, the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) said it was withdrawing its fighters from Turkey. The withdrawal is part of a peace process that has seen the group say it will disarm...

August 22, 2025 | Bridget Toomey |

US forces begin withdrawal from Ain al Asad airbase as US presence in Iraq transitions

Arab media reported on August 18 that a US military convoy departed Ain al Asad airbase, a military facility hosting US forces in western Iraq, on its way to Syria. An Iraqi security source speaking...

July 19, 2025 | Janatan Sayeh, Bridget Toomey

Iran and its militias brace for another conflict with Israel

The Qatari New Arab reported on July 17 that Esmail Ghaani, the commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guards-Quds Force (IRGC-QF), met with Tehran’s Iraqi proxies in Baghdad earlier this...

July 18, 2025 | Seth J. Frantzman |

US, UK condemn drone attacks targeting energy sites in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region

Drone attacks targeting the autonomous Kurdistan Region of Iraq increased in July, leading to condemnations by the US, UK, and various officials. “The United States condemns the recent drone attacks...

June 20, 2025 | Seth J. Frantzman |

Iranian-backed militias threaten US amid rising tensions in Iraq over Iran-Israel conflict

The Iranian-backed Kataib Hezbollah militia in Iraq has threatened to target “US interests” in the Middle East if the US intervenes in the Israel-Iran conflict, according to several regional Arabic reports. The...

June 19, 2025 | Tzvi Kahn |

Iranian and Iranian-Backed Attacks Against Americans (1979-Present)

Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, the clerical regime in Tehran and its proxies have committed a range of attacks against Americans. This memorandum provides select documentation of these assaults. While...

June 18, 2025 | Bill Roggio, Joe Truzman

Iran-backed militias attack 3 US bases in Syria

Iran-backed Iraqi militias launched missile attacks against three US bases in northeastern Syria last weekend, according to a report from the region. A US defense official did not deny that the missile...

June 16, 2025 | Seth J. Frantzman |

Iraq in the Crossfire

Iraq was in crisis before Israel and Iran started trading blows. Now, it’s next door to a conflict.

June 16, 2025 | Ahmad Sharawi, Bridget Toomey

Iraqi militias largely rely on rhetoric in response to Israel-Iran conflict—for now

Iran-backed militias in Iraq have resorted mainly to words, not actions, to support Iran since direct conflict between Israel and Iran began on June 13. The statements issued by the groups have included...

June 13, 2025 | |

At Least 20 High-Level Commanders, Nuclear Scientists Killed in Israeli Strikes on Iran

IRGC Commanders Killed: The Israeli Air Force’s strikes against Iran in the early hours of June 13 pummeled Iran’s top brass, with at least 20 high-level Iranian commanders killed in the operation, dubbed by Israel as “Rising Lion.” Iranian media reported that four prominent generals were killed, including Maj. Gen. Mohammad Bagheri, the chief of staff of the Iranian armed forces and second-highest commander after Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. Israel also eliminated Maj. Gen. Hossein Salami, the commander in chief of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC); Maj. Gen. Gholam Ali Rashid, the deputy commander in chief of the armed forces, and Brig. Gen. Amir Ali Hajizadeh, the head of the IRGC aerospace forces.

May 15, 2025 | Seth J. Frantzman |

Iran’s Quds Force commander travels to Iraq ahead of Arab summit

Esmail Qaani, head of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps-Quds Force (IRGC-QF), traveled to Iraq on May 14. He met with Iraqi National Security Advisor Qasim al Araji after arriving...